diff --git a/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_client.py b/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_client.py
index 75aa22b55..a6a8edc15 100644
--- a/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_client.py
+++ b/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_client.py
@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ class MCPClient:
         self.name_mapping = {}
         self.ready = False
         self.call_results = {}  # To store Futures for tool call responses
-        self.next_id = 1
+        # Handshake hardcodes id=1 (initialize) and id=2 (tools/list) in mcp_handler.
+        # JSON-RPC 2.0 forbids reusing request ids on the same connection, and
+        # compliant device MCP servers reject tools/call with id 1/2 (see #3461).
+        # Official protocol sequence expects the first tools/call to use id=3.
+        self.next_id = 3
         self.lock = asyncio.Lock()
         self._cached_available_tools = None  # Cache for get_available_tools
 
diff --git a/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_handler.py b/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_handler.py
index 76994cabb..8d6a79687 100644
--- a/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_handler.py
+++ b/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/device_mcp/mcp_handler.py
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 import json
 import asyncio
 import re
-from concurrent.futures import Future
-from core.utils.util import get_vision_url, sanitize_tool_name
+from core.utils.util import get_vision_url
 from core.utils.auth import AuthToken
 from config.logger import setup_logging
+from .mcp_client import MCPClient
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -15,91 +15,6 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 TAG = __name__
 logger = setup_logging()
 
-
-class MCPClient:
-    """设备端MCP客户端，用于管理MCP状态和工具"""
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.tools = {}  # sanitized_name -> tool_data
-        self.name_mapping = {}
-        self.ready = False
-        self.call_results = {}  # To store Futures for tool call responses
-        self.next_id = 1
-        self.lock = asyncio.Lock()
-        self._cached_available_tools = None  # Cache for get_available_tools
-
-    def has_tool(self, name: str) -> bool:
-        return name in self.tools
-
-    def get_available_tools(self) -> list:
-        # Check if the cache is valid
-        if self._cached_available_tools is not None:
-            return self._cached_available_tools
-
-        # If cache is not valid, regenerate the list
-        result = []
-        for tool_name, tool_data in self.tools.items():
-            function_def = {
-                "name": tool_name,
-                "description": tool_data["description"],
-                "parameters": {
-                    "type": tool_data["inputSchema"].get("type", "object"),
-                    "properties": tool_data["inputSchema"].get("properties", {}),
-                    "required": tool_data["inputSchema"].get("required", []),
-                },
-            }
-            result.append({"type": "function", "function": function_def})
-
-        self._cached_available_tools = result  # Store the generated list in cache
-        return result
-
-    async def is_ready(self) -> bool:
-        async with self.lock:
-            return self.ready
-
-    async def set_ready(self, status: bool):
-        async with self.lock:
-            self.ready = status
-
-    async def add_tool(self, tool_data: dict):
-        async with self.lock:
-            sanitized_name = sanitize_tool_name(tool_data["name"])
-            self.tools[sanitized_name] = tool_data
-            self.name_mapping[sanitized_name] = tool_data["name"]
-            self._cached_available_tools = (
-                None  # Invalidate the cache when a tool is added
-            )
-
-    async def get_next_id(self) -> int:
-        async with self.lock:
-            current_id = self.next_id
-            self.next_id += 1
-            return current_id
-
-    async def register_call_result_future(self, id: int, future: Future):
-        async with self.lock:
-            self.call_results[id] = future
-
-    async def resolve_call_result(self, id: int, result: any):
-        async with self.lock:
-            if id in self.call_results:
-                future = self.call_results.pop(id)
-                if not future.done():
-                    future.set_result(result)
-
-    async def reject_call_result(self, id: int, exception: Exception):
-        async with self.lock:
-            if id in self.call_results:
-                future = self.call_results.pop(id)
-                if not future.done():
-                    future.set_exception(exception)
-
-    async def cleanup_call_result(self, id: int):
-        async with self.lock:
-            if id in self.call_results:
-                self.call_results.pop(id)
-
-
 async def send_mcp_message(conn: "ConnectionHandler", payload: dict):
     """Helper to send MCP messages, encapsulating common logic."""
     if not conn.features.get("mcp"):
diff --git a/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/mcp_endpoint/mcp_endpoint_client.py b/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/mcp_endpoint/mcp_endpoint_client.py
index 4e9e5303f..b20ee6221 100644
--- a/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/mcp_endpoint/mcp_endpoint_client.py
+++ b/main/xiaozhi-server/core/providers/tools/mcp_endpoint/mcp_endpoint_client.py
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ class MCPEndpointClient:
         self.name_mapping = {}
         self.ready = False
         self.call_results = {}  # To store Futures for tool call responses
-        self.next_id = 1
+        # Handshake hardcodes id=1 (initialize) and id=2 (tools/list) in
+        # mcp_endpoint_handler; tools/call must start at 3 to avoid id reuse.
+        self.next_id = 3
         self.lock = asyncio.Lock()
         self._cached_available_tools = None  # Cache for get_available_tools
         self.websocket = None  # WebSocket连接